HOW THE COBRA GOT ITS FLESH-EATING VENOM: CYTOTOXICITY AS A DEFENSIVE INNOVATION AND ITS CO-EVOLUTION WITH HOODING, APOSEMATIC MARKING, AND SPITTING

How the Cobra Got Its Flesh-Eating Venom: Cytotoxicity as a Defensive Innovation and Its Co-Evolution with Hooding, Aposematic Marking, and Spitting

The cytotoxicity of the venom of 25 species of Old World elapid snake was tested and compared with the morphological and behavioural adaptations of hooding and spitting.We determined that, contrary to previous assumptions, the venoms of spitting species are not consistently more cytotoxic than those of closely related non-spitting species.While thi

read more

Key factors influencing the sale of bulls in livestock auctions

This research determines which factors most influence the purchase price of bulls in livestock auctions in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil.Hence, 760 beef bulls sold in eleven different auctions between August and November 2013 were analysed.The data consists of: breed, muscularity (MUSC), frame (FRAME), body condition Door Corner W

read more